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Integrate ASP.NET Core Razor components into Razor Pages and MVC apps

guardrex

Learn about data binding scenarios for components and DOM elements in Blazor apps.

>= aspnetcore-3.1

riande

mvc

04/25/2020

ASP.NET Core Identity

Blazor

Blazor Server

Blazor WebAssembly

Identity

Let's Encrypt

Razor

SignalR

blazor/components/integrate-components-into-razor-pages-and-mvc-apps

Integrate ASP.NET Core Razor components into Razor Pages and MVC apps

By Luke Latham and Daniel Roth

Razor components can be integrated into Razor Pages and MVC apps. When the page or view is rendered, components can be prerendered at the same time.

After preparing the app, use the guidance in the following sections depending on the app's requirements:

Routable components: For components that are directly routable from user requests. Follow this guidance when visitors should be able to make an HTTP request in their browser for a component with an @page directive.
- Use routable components in a Razor Pages app
- Use routable components in an MVC app
Render components from a page or view: For components that aren't directly routable from user requests. Follow this guidance when the app embeds components into existing pages and views with the Component Tag Helper.

Prepare the app

An existing Razor Pages or MVC app can integrate Razor components into pages and views:

In the app's layout file (_Layout.cshtml):
- Add the following <base> tag to the <head> element:
```
<base href="~/" />
```
  The href value (the app base path) in the preceding example assumes that the app resides at the root URL path (/). If the app is a sub-application, follow the guidance in the App base path section of the xref:blazor/host-and-deploy/index#app-base-path article.
  
  The _Layout.cshtml file is located in the Pages/Shared folder in a Razor Pages app or Views/Shared folder in an MVC app.
- Add a <script> tag for the blazor.server.js script immediately before the closing </body> tag:
```
<script src="_framework/blazor.server.js"></script>
```
  The framework adds the blazor.server.js script to the app. There's no need to manually add the script to the app.

Add an _Imports.razor file to the root folder of the project with the following content (change the last namespace, MyAppNamespace, to the namespace of the app):

@using System.Net.Http
@using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization
@using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.Authorization
@using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.Forms
@using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.Routing
@using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.Web
@using Microsoft.JSInterop
@using MyAppNamespace

In Startup.ConfigureServices, register the Blazor Server service:
```
services.AddServerSideBlazor();
```
In Startup.Configure, add the Blazor Hub endpoint to app.UseEndpoints:
```
endpoints.MapBlazorHub();
```
Integrate components into any page or view. For more information, see the Render components from a page or view section.

Use routable components in a Razor Pages app

This section pertains to adding components that are directly routable from user requests.

To support routable Razor components in Razor Pages apps:

Follow the guidance in the Prepare the app section.

Add an App.razor file to the project root with the following content:

@using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.Routing

<Router AppAssembly="@typeof(Program).Assembly">
    <Found Context="routeData">
        <RouteView RouteData="routeData" />
    </Found>
    <NotFound>
        <h1>Page not found</h1>
        <p>Sorry, but there's nothing here!</p>
    </NotFound>
</Router>

Add a _Host.cshtml file to the Pages folder with the following content:

@page "/blazor"
@{
    Layout = "_Layout";
}

<app>
    <component type="typeof(App)" render-mode="ServerPrerendered" />
</app>

Components use the shared _Layout.cshtml file for their layout.

xref:Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Rendering.RenderMode configures whether the App component:

Is prerendered into the page.
Is rendered as static HTML on the page or if it includes the necessary information to bootstrap a Blazor app from the user agent.

Render Mode	Description
xref:Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Rendering.RenderMode.ServerPrerendered	Renders the `App` component into static HTML and includes a marker for a Blazor Server app. When the user-agent starts, this marker is used to bootstrap a Blazor app.
xref:Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Rendering.RenderMode.Server	Renders a marker for a Blazor Server app. Output from the `App` component isn't included. When the user-agent starts, this marker is used to bootstrap a Blazor app.
xref:Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Rendering.RenderMode.Static	Renders the `App` component into static HTML.

For more information on the Component Tag Helper, see xref:mvc/views/tag-helpers/builtin-th/component-tag-helper.

Add a low-priority route for the _Host.cshtml page to endpoint configuration in Startup.Configure:

app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
    ...

    endpoints.MapFallbackToPage("/_Host");
});

Add routable components to the app. For example:
```
@page "/counter"

<h1>Counter</h1>

...
```

For more information on namespaces, see the Component namespaces section.

Use routable components in an MVC app

This section pertains to adding components that are directly routable from user requests.

To support routable Razor components in MVC apps:

Follow the guidance in the Prepare the app section.

Add an App.razor file to the root of the project with the following content:

@using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.Routing

<Router AppAssembly="@typeof(Program).Assembly">
    <Found Context="routeData">
        <RouteView RouteData="routeData" />
    </Found>
    <NotFound>
        <h1>Page not found</h1>
        <p>Sorry, but there's nothing here!</p>
    </NotFound>
</Router>

Add a _Host.cshtml file to the Views/Home folder with the following content:

@{
    Layout = "_Layout";
}

<app>
    <component type="typeof(App)" render-mode="ServerPrerendered" />
</app>

Components use the shared _Layout.cshtml file for their layout.

xref:Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Rendering.RenderMode configures whether the App component:

Is prerendered into the page.
Is rendered as static HTML on the page or if it includes the necessary information to bootstrap a Blazor app from the user agent.

Render Mode	Description
xref:Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Rendering.RenderMode.ServerPrerendered	Renders the `App` component into static HTML and includes a marker for a Blazor Server app. When the user-agent starts, this marker is used to bootstrap a Blazor app.
xref:Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Rendering.RenderMode.Server	Renders a marker for a Blazor Server app. Output from the `App` component isn't included. When the user-agent starts, this marker is used to bootstrap a Blazor app.
xref:Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Rendering.RenderMode.Static	Renders the `App` component into static HTML.

For more information on the Component Tag Helper, see xref:mvc/views/tag-helpers/builtin-th/component-tag-helper.

Add an action to the Home controller:

public IActionResult Blazor()
{
   return View("_Host");
}

Add a low-priority route for the controller action that returns the _Host.cshtml view to the endpoint configuration in Startup.Configure:
```
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
    ...

    endpoints.MapFallbackToController("Blazor", "Home");
});
```
Create a Pages folder and add routable components to the app. For example:
```
@page "/counter"

<h1>Counter</h1>

...
```

For more information on namespaces, see the Component namespaces section.

Render components from a page or view

This section pertains to adding components to pages or views, where the components aren't directly routable from user requests.

To render a component from a page or view, use the Component Tag Helper.

Render stateful interactive components

Stateful interactive components can be added to a Razor page or view.

When the page or view renders:

The component is prerendered with the page or view.
The initial component state used for prerendering is lost.
New component state is created when the SignalR connection is established.

The following Razor page renders a Counter component:

<h1>My Razor Page</h1>

<component type="typeof(Counter)" render-mode="ServerPrerendered" 
    param-InitialValue="InitialValue" />

@functions {
    [BindProperty(SupportsGet=true)]
    public int InitialValue { get; set; }
}

For more information, see xref:mvc/views/tag-helpers/builtin-th/component-tag-helper.

Render noninteractive components

In the following Razor page, the Counter component is statically rendered with an initial value that's specified using a form. Since the component is statically rendered, the component isn't interactive:

<h1>My Razor Page</h1>

<form>
    <input type="number" asp-for="InitialValue" />
    <button type="submit">Set initial value</button>
</form>

<component type="typeof(Counter)" render-mode="Static" 
    param-InitialValue="InitialValue" />

@functions {
    [BindProperty(SupportsGet=true)]
    public int InitialValue { get; set; }
}

For more information, see xref:mvc/views/tag-helpers/builtin-th/component-tag-helper.

Component namespaces

When using a custom folder to hold the app's components, add the namespace representing the folder to either the page/view or to the _ViewImports.cshtml file. In the following example:

Change MyAppNamespace to the app's namespace.
If a folder named Components isn't used to hold the components, change Components to the folder where the components reside.

@using MyAppNamespace.Components

The _ViewImports.cshtml file is located in the Pages folder of a Razor Pages app or the Views folder of an MVC app.

For more information, see xref:blazor/components/index#namespaces.

11 KiB Raw Blame History

Integrate ASP.NET Core Razor components into Razor Pages and MVC apps

Prepare the app

Use routable components in a Razor Pages app

Use routable components in an MVC app

Render components from a page or view

Render stateful interactive components

Render noninteractive components

Component namespaces

11 KiB

Raw Blame History