build: re-enable ASAN Action using clang

clang's linker seems to use considerably less memory than gcc, allowing
us to run on Actions without running out of memory.

Signed-off-by: Matheus Marchini <mmarchini@netflix.com>

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/32776
Reviewed-By: Anna Henningsen <anna@addaleax.net>
Reviewed-By: Jiawen Geng <technicalcute@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>

.github/workflows/test-asan.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+name: test-asan
+
+on: [push, pull_request]
+
+env:
+  PYTHON_VERSION: 3.8
+  FLAKY_TESTS: dontcare
+
+jobs:
+  test-asan:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    env:
+      CC: clang
+      CXX: clang++
+      LINK: clang++
+      CONFIG_FLAGS: --enable-asan
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - name: Set up Python ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v1
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ env.PYTHON_VERSION }}
+      - name: Environment Information
+        run: npx envinfo
+      - name: Build
+        run: make build-ci -j2 V=1
+      - name: Test cctest
+        run: make cctest -j2 V=1