diff --git a/.eslintplugin/package.json b/.eslintplugin/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a0df0c86778
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.eslintplugin/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+	"type": "commonjs"
+}
diff --git a/.vscode-test.js b/.vscode-test.js
index 89e1b855ee0..1e5de54470c 100644
--- a/.vscode-test.js
+++ b/.vscode-test.js
@@ -5,9 +5,15 @@
 
 //@ts-check
 
-const path = require('path');
+import { createRequire } from 'node:module';
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'url';
+import * as path from 'path';
+import * as os from 'os';
+
+const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
+const __dirname = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
+
 const { defineConfig } = require('@vscode/test-cli');
-const os = require('os');
 
 /**
  * A list of extension folders who have opted into tests, or configuration objects.
@@ -57,7 +63,7 @@ const defaultLaunchArgs = process.env.API_TESTS_EXTRA_ARGS?.split(' ') || [
 	'--disable-telemetry', '--skip-welcome', '--skip-release-notes', `--crash-reporter-directory=${__dirname}/.build/crashes`, `--logsPath=${__dirname}/.build/logs/integration-tests`, '--no-cached-data', '--disable-updates', '--use-inmemory-secretstorage', '--disable-extensions', '--disable-workspace-trust'
 ];
 
-module.exports = defineConfig(extensions.map(extension => {
+const config = defineConfig(extensions.map(extension => {
 	/** @type {import('@vscode/test-cli').TestConfiguration} */
 	const config = typeof extension === 'object'
 		? { files: `extensions/${extension.label}/out/**/*.test.js`, ...extension }
@@ -99,3 +105,5 @@ module.exports = defineConfig(extensions.map(extension => {
 
 	return config;
 }));
+
+export default config;
diff --git a/build/gulpfile.reh.js b/build/gulpfile.reh.js
index 6538ce7e3f1..61cb0da0e50 100644
--- a/build/gulpfile.reh.js
+++ b/build/gulpfile.reh.js
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ function packageTask(type, platform, arch, sourceFolderName, destinationFolderNa
 
 		let packageJsonContents;
 		const packageJsonStream = gulp.src(['remote/package.json'], { base: 'remote' })
-			.pipe(json({ name, version, dependencies: undefined, optionalDependencies: undefined, ...{ type: 'module' } })) // TODO@esm this should be configured in the top level package.json
+			.pipe(json({ name, version, dependencies: undefined, optionalDependencies: undefined, type: 'module' }))
 			.pipe(es.through(function (file) {
 				packageJsonContents = file.contents.toString();
 				this.emit('data', file);
diff --git a/build/gulpfile.vscode.js b/build/gulpfile.vscode.js
index 03f446fdc2b..194fbef8f3f 100644
--- a/build/gulpfile.vscode.js
+++ b/build/gulpfile.vscode.js
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ function packageTask(platform, arch, sourceFolderName, destinationFolderName, op
 		}
 
 		const name = product.nameShort;
-		const packageJsonUpdates = { name, version, ...{ type: 'module', main: 'out/main.js' } }; // TODO@esm this should be configured in the top level package.json
+		const packageJsonUpdates = { name, version };
 
 		// for linux url handling
 		if (platform === 'linux') {
diff --git a/gulpfile.js b/gulpfile.js
index 9691ba80607..4dce0234239 100644
--- a/gulpfile.js
+++ b/gulpfile.js
@@ -3,4 +3,7 @@
  *  Licensed under the MIT License. See License.txt in the project root for license information.
  *--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
+import { createRequire } from 'node:module';
+
+const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
 require('./build/gulpfile');
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 2bc50f10061..c3924ca1441 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -6,13 +6,14 @@
     "name": "Microsoft Corporation"
   },
   "license": "MIT",
-  "main": "./out/main",
+  "main": "./out/main.js",
+  "type": "module",
   "private": true,
   "scripts": {
     "test": "echo Please run any of the test scripts from the scripts folder.",
     "test-browser": "npx playwright install && node test/unit/browser/index.js",
     "test-browser-no-install": "node test/unit/browser/index.js",
-    "test-node": "mocha test/unit/node/index.mjs --delay --ui=tdd --timeout=5000 --exit",
+    "test-node": "mocha test/unit/node/index.js --delay --ui=tdd --timeout=5000 --exit",
     "test-extension": "vscode-test",
     "preinstall": "node build/npm/preinstall.js",
     "postinstall": "node build/npm/postinstall.js",
diff --git a/scripts/package.json b/scripts/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a0df0c86778
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+	"type": "commonjs"
+}
diff --git a/test/unit/node/index.mjs b/test/unit/node/index.js
similarity index 98%
rename from test/unit/node/index.mjs
rename to test/unit/node/index.js
index 80fae48b4fb..79d5ee1a1ec 100644
--- a/test/unit/node/index.mjs
+++ b/test/unit/node/index.js
@@ -14,9 +14,7 @@ import * as path from 'path';
 import * as fs from 'fs';
 import glob from 'glob';
 import minimatch from 'minimatch';
-// const coverage = require('../coverage');
 import minimist from 'minimist';
-// const { takeSnapshotAndCountClasses } = require('../analyzeSnapshot');
 import * as module from 'module';
 import { fileURLToPath, pathToFileURL } from 'url';
 
diff --git a/src/package.json b/test/unit/node/package.json
similarity index 100%
rename from src/package.json
rename to test/unit/node/package.json